{"id":8014,"date":"2020-03-06T08:10:30","date_gmt":"2020-03-06T15:10:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/?p=8014"},"modified":"2020-03-07T22:39:24","modified_gmt":"2020-03-08T05:39:24","slug":"ancient-chinese-writing-shang-dynasty-1600-bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/ancient-chinese-writing-shang-dynasty-1600-bc\/","title":{"rendered":"Ancient Chinese Writing, Shang Dynasty, 1600 BC"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-8018\" src=\"data:image\/gif,GIF89a%01%00%01%00%80%00%00%00%00%00%FF%FF%FF%21%F9%04%01%00%00%00%00%2C%00%00%00%00%01%00%01%00%00%02%01D%00%3B\" data-layzr=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ancient-Chinese-Writing-Shang-Dynasty-320x200-1.jpg\" alt=\"Ancient Chinese Writing Shang Dynasty\" width=\"320\" height=\"200\" \/>Ancient Chinese Writing, Shang Dynasty, 1600 BC<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ancient <strong>Chinese writing<\/strong> apparently began to develop during the Middle <strong>Shang Dynasty<\/strong>, located along the fertile <strong>Yellow River<\/strong> valley in northeast <strong>China<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Shang Dynasty (aka Yin Dynasty) followed the <strong>Xia Dynasty<\/strong> and lasted from about 1600 to 1046 BC.\u00a0 It is one of the first civilizations to use a writing system, along with <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/notaries-in-ancient-sumeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sumeria<\/a><\/strong><\/span>, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/notaries-in-ancient-egypt\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Egypt<\/a><\/strong><\/span>, the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/indus-valley-civilization-writing-seals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Indus Valley Civilization<\/a><\/strong><\/span> and Mesoamerica.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chinese writing has evolved, making its ancient core one of the longest continuously used writing systems in the world.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Oracle_Bones_Inscriptions\"><\/span>Oracle Bones Inscriptions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Although ancient Chinese writing also used <strong>silk<\/strong>, <strong>bamboo<\/strong>, and wood for writing surfaces, these perishable materials decomposed over time.\u00a0 Some pictograph symbols found on pottery and jade from the third millennium BC are thought to represent family or clan ownership.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The oldest surviving written language records from Ancient China that use full sentences are inscriptions made on animal bones, mostly the flat shoulder blade bones (scapula) of oxen and turtle shells.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">By 1400 BC the script included 2,500 to 3,000 characters, most can still be read to this day. The writing starts at the top right corner and moves down in a vertical line then moves left to the top of the next column.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-8016\" src=\"data:image\/gif,GIF89a%01%00%01%00%80%00%00%00%00%00%FF%FF%FF%21%F9%04%01%00%00%00%00%2C%00%00%00%00%01%00%01%00%00%02%01D%00%3B\" data-layzr=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/wp-content\/uploads\/Chinese-writing-oracle-bone-script.jpg\" alt=\"Chinese writing oracle bone script\" width=\"250\" height=\"80\" \/>Inscriptions in the form of questions were made by <strong>priests<\/strong> on the bones to help foretell future events of good and bad possible outcomes.\u00a0 <strong>Bronze Age<\/strong> metal tools or ink-filled brushes were used. A wooden stylus was used to write on wood with lacquer.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The bones were heated with a poker until they cracked.\u00a0 The cracks were then interpreted by the king or priests of the royal court to give their <strong>divinations<\/strong> of the future, such as a rain forecast, health prognosis or a battle outcome, hence the name <strong>oracle bones<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It was thought that the spirits of one&#8217;s ancestors influenced the divination and communicated directly with the diviner.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-8022\" src=\"data:image\/gif,GIF89a%01%00%01%00%80%00%00%00%00%00%FF%FF%FF%21%F9%04%01%00%00%00%00%2C%00%00%00%00%01%00%01%00%00%02%01D%00%3B\" data-layzr=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/wp-content\/uploads\/China-Shang-Dynasty-map.jpg\" alt=\"China Shang Dynasty map\" width=\"200\" height=\"120\" \/>Thousands of oracle bones were found at the <strong>UNESCO<\/strong> archaeological site of <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1114\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yin Xu<\/a><\/strong><\/span> (<strong>Yin Ruins)<\/strong> at <strong>Anyang<\/strong>, the capital of the Shang Dynasty.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The shapes of oracle bone script characters (jiaguwen) are described as <strong>pictographic<\/strong>, resembling drawings of the objects they represent. Oracle bones were used through the <strong>Zhou Dynasty<\/strong> (1046 to 226 BC) and then were replaced by another divination form known as the I-Ching (The Book of Changes).<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chinese_Chop_Seals\"><\/span>Chinese Chop Seals<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Before paper, engraved <strong>seals<\/strong> known as <strong>chops<\/strong> were used to stamp impressions on <strong>clay<\/strong> tags.\u00a0 A private message was written on narrow <strong>bamboo<\/strong> strips, which were rolled up and tied with string.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A knot was made and a lump of clay was pressed over the knot.\u00a0 Then the chop was stamped on the clay tag over the knot leaving a seal impression for <strong>security<\/strong>.\u00a0 At the destination, an unbroken seal was evidence that no message tampering had occurred before delivery.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-8032\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" src=\"data:image\/gif,GIF89a%01%00%01%00%80%00%00%00%00%00%FF%FF%FF%21%F9%04%01%00%00%00%00%2C%00%00%00%00%01%00%01%00%00%02%01D%00%3B\" data-layzr=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/wp-content\/uploads\/Chinese-chop-seal-Qing-dynasty.jpg\" alt=\"Chinese chop seal Qing dynasty\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ancient Chinese chops were made from animal bones, wood, gold, clay pottery, and brass.\u00a0\u00a0Today, chop seals made of wood, ivory, jade or stone are still used with <strong>red ink <\/strong>made of cinnabar, oil and silk strands or mugwort leaves to sign, identify and authenticate personal, business and official documents in China, Japan, and Korea.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Records_of_the_Grand_Historian\"><\/span>Records of the Grand Historian<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Records_of_the_Grand_Historian\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Records of the Grand Historian<\/strong><\/a><\/span>, the first monumental general history, were written by the great historian <strong>Sima Qian<\/strong> around 94 BC. They consisted of 520,000 characters in 130 chapters written on bamboo slips, covering 3,000 years from the legendary Yellow Emperor to Emperor Wudi of the Han.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Evolution_of_Chinese_Writing\"><\/span>Evolution of Chinese Writing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Chinese writing system evolved with new dynasties. Chinese logographs can be read by people who speak mutually incomprehensible dialects or languages, such as Mandarin or Cantonese, forming a common medium of communication for a vast country.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chinese influenced other East Asian writing. <strong>Japanese<\/strong> kanji script is basically Chinese characters, while hiragana and katakana scripts are simplified Chinese characters used to represent sounds.\u00a0 <strong>Korean<\/strong> started with Chinese characters called hanja adopted to fit Korean language words and sounds, until the creation of the alphabet hangul that is now used.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Image Credits<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. Oracle bone from the reign of King Wu Ding (late Shang dynasty), Anyang, Henan Province, China, National Museum of China, Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0<br \/>\n2. Tortoise plastron with divination inscription from Shang dynasty, dating to the reign of King Wu Ding, Anyang, Henan Province, China, National Museum of China, Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0<br \/>\n3. Chop Seal of Qing dynasty, public domain, Wikimedia Commons<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Visit our website for\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/mobile-notary\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-slimstat-async=\"false\" data-slimstat-callback=\"false\" data-slimstat-tracking=\"false\" data-slimstat-type=\"2\" data-slimstat-clicked=\"false\">Colorado Springs Mobile Notary<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0services or\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/colorado-notary-training\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-slimstat-async=\"false\" data-slimstat-callback=\"false\" data-slimstat-tracking=\"false\" data-slimstat-type=\"2\" data-slimstat-clicked=\"false\">Colorado Notary Training<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>classes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a9 Copyright 2020\u00a0 ABC Legal Docs, LLC\u00a0 All rights reserved.\u00a0 Do not copy.\u00a0 Citations welcome.\u00a0 Terms of Use apply.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ancient Chinese Writing, Shang Dynasty, 1600 BC Ancient Chinese writing apparently began to develop during the Middle Shang Dynasty, located along the fertile Yellow River valley in northeast China. The Shang Dynasty (aka Yin Dynasty) followed the Xia Dynasty and lasted from about 1600 to 1046 BC.\u00a0 It is one of the first civilizations to use a writing system, along with Sumeria, Egypt, the Indus Valley Civilization and Mesoamerica. Chinese writing has evolved, making its ancient core one of the longest continuously used writing systems in the world.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8018,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[920],"tags":[2918,2916,2920,2909,894,2908,2924,2914,2855,2913,2923,238,2911,2915,2921,2910,2919,2917,2912],"class_list":["post-8014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-notary-history","tag-anyang","tag-bamboo","tag-bronze-age","tag-characters","tag-china","tag-chinese-writing","tag-chop","tag-inscriptions","tag-jade","tag-oracle-bones","tag-records-of-the-grand-historian","tag-seal","tag-shang-dynasty","tag-silk","tag-sima-qian","tag-xia","tag-yellow-river","tag-yin-ruins","tag-zhou","has_thumb"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - 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Athelstan was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 AD, and the first King of England from 927 to 939. He united the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms into England. 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