{"id":1474,"date":"2015-07-05T15:08:36","date_gmt":"2015-07-05T21:08:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/?p=1474"},"modified":"2019-07-09T08:23:28","modified_gmt":"2019-07-09T14:23:28","slug":"can-non-citizen-be-notary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/can-non-citizen-be-notary\/","title":{"rendered":"Can a Non-Citizen be a Notary?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/can-non-citizen-be-notary\/#Can_a_Non-Citizen_be_a_Notary\" >Can a Non-Citizen be a Notary?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/can-non-citizen-be-notary\/#Equal_Protection_Clause\" >Equal Protection Clause<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/can-non-citizen-be-notary\/#14th_Amendment\" >14th Amendment<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/can-non-citizen-be-notary\/#Ministerial_Public_Official\" >Ministerial Public Official<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/can-non-citizen-be-notary\/#Discretionary_Public_Official\" >Discretionary Public Official<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/can-non-citizen-be-notary\/#Texas_Notary_Law_Struck_Down\" >Texas Notary Law Struck Down<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/can-non-citizen-be-notary\/#Constitutional_Oath_of_Office\" >Constitutional Oath of Office<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/can-non-citizen-be-notary\/#Colorado_Notary_Application_Requirement\" >Colorado Notary Application Requirement<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Can_a_Non-Citizen_be_a_Notary\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-Permanent-Resident-Card-green-card-non-citizen-320x200.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-3940\" src=\"data:image\/gif,GIF89a%01%00%01%00%80%00%00%00%00%00%FF%FF%FF%21%F9%04%01%00%00%00%00%2C%00%00%00%00%01%00%01%00%00%02%01D%00%3B\" data-layzr=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-Permanent-Resident-Card-green-card-non-citizen-320x200.jpg\" alt=\"US Permanent Resident Card green card non-citizen\" width=\"320\" height=\"200\" \/><\/a>Can a Non-Citizen be a Notary?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The <strong>Supreme Court<\/strong> of the United States has ruled that a <strong>non-citizen<\/strong> may be a <strong>notary<\/strong>.\u00a0 In 1984, in the case of <i><b>Bernal v. Fainter<\/b><\/i>, 467 U.S. 216, the Supreme Court ruled, 8 to 1, that the State of <strong>Texas<\/strong> cannot bar a non-citizen from applying for a commission as a notary public.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">See court ruling syllabus at <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/supreme.justia.com\/cases\/federal\/us\/467\/216\/\">Bernal v. Fainter, 467 U.S. 216<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Equal_Protection_Clause\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-Supreme-Court-Seal-150x150.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1475\" src=\"data:image\/gif,GIF89a%01%00%01%00%80%00%00%00%00%00%FF%FF%FF%21%F9%04%01%00%00%00%00%2C%00%00%00%00%01%00%01%00%00%02%01D%00%3B\" data-layzr=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-Supreme-Court-Seal-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"United States Supreme Court Seal\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>Equal Protection Clause<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Supreme Court ruled that the <strong>Equal Protection Clause<\/strong> prohibits states from barring a non-citizen as a notary.\u00a0 Since the authorized powers of a notary, as a <strong>public official<\/strong>, are essentially <strong>ministerial<\/strong>, without using <strong>broad discretion<\/strong> or <strong>judgment<\/strong> to serve the public, the only real requirement of a notary was to follow the <strong>notary law<\/strong> of the state.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The <strong>Equal Protection Clause<\/strong>, under the <strong>14th Amendment<\/strong> to the Constitution, adopted in 1868 after the <strong>Civil War<\/strong>, requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all <strong>people<\/strong> within its jurisdiction.\u00a0 It has been used in many court decisions rejecting irrational or unnecessary <strong>discrimination<\/strong> against people belonging to various groups.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"14th_Amendment\"><\/span><b>14th Amendment<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><b>Section 1.<\/b> All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are <strong>citizens<\/strong> of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of <strong>citizens<\/strong> of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any <strong>person<\/strong> of life, liberty, or property, without <strong>due process<\/strong> of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the <strong>equal protection<\/strong> of the laws.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ministerial_Public_Official\"><\/span>Ministerial Public Official<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">When a person requests notary services, the notary follows the <strong>notary law<\/strong> to determine if the <strong>statutory requirements<\/strong> for notarization have been met or not.\u00a0 The Supreme Court found no reason that a non-citizen cannot perform ministerial acts, governed by notary law, where there is no use of broad discretion or judgment.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Discretionary_Public_Official\"><\/span>Discretionary Public Official<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In contrast, a locality may require a <strong>police officer<\/strong> to be a citizen, because the police officer does have considerable <strong>broad discretion<\/strong> and <strong>judgment<\/strong> in how the law is enforced.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Texas_Notary_Law_Struck_Down\"><\/span>Texas Notary Law Struck Down<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The <strong>Supreme Court<\/strong> struck down, as <strong>unconstitutional<\/strong>, the <strong>Texas law<\/strong> that required a notary to be a <strong>US citizen<\/strong>.\u00a0 The court also noted that notary commissions are issued by the <strong>Texas Secretary of State<\/strong>, who is not required to be a citizen, despite holding the &#8220;highest appointive position&#8221; in Texas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">After the Supreme Court ruling, <strong>Arizona<\/strong>, <strong>Tennessee<\/strong> and <strong>Virginia<\/strong> updated their notary laws to allow citizens and <strong>non-citizen<\/strong> <strong>legal residents<\/strong> to qualify as notaries.\u00a0 Some state laws may still list a requirement for a notary applicant to be a US citizen, but the citizenship requirement is no longer enforced.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Constitutional_Oath_of_Office\"><\/span>Constitutional Oath of Office<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Some states require a notary to take a <strong>Constitutional oath<\/strong> of office, pledging to defend the <strong>US Constitution<\/strong> and the <strong>state Constitution<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Colorado<\/strong> does not currently require a notary to take a Constitutional oath of office, but it was required in the past.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Colorado_Notary_Application_Requirement\"><\/span>Colorado Notary Application Requirement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A Colorado notary applicant must make a sworn or affirmed statement, under penalty of <strong>perjury<\/strong>, that he\/she is a US citizen or a <strong>legal permanent resident<\/strong>, or <strong>lawfully present<\/strong> in the US, pursuant to federal law.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Under Colorado notary law, CRS 12-55-104 (4), the Secretary of State is required to verify the <strong>lawful presence<\/strong> in the United States of each notary applicant through the verification process outlined in\u00a0CRS 24-76.5-103, <strong>Verification of Lawful Presence<\/strong>, as follows:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(4) An agency or a political subdivision shall verify the lawful presence in the United States of each applicant eighteen years of age or older for federal public benefits or state or local public benefits by requiring the applicant to:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(a) Produce:<br \/>\n(I) A valid Colorado driver&#8217;s license or a Colorado identification card issued under article 2 of title 42, C.R.S., unless the applicant holds a license or card issued under part 5 of article 2 of title 42, C.R.S.; or<br \/>\n(II) A United States military card or a military dependent&#8217;s identification card; or<br \/>\n(III) A United States Coast Guard Merchant Mariner card; or<br \/>\n(IV) A Native American tribal document; and<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(b) Execute an <strong>affidavit<\/strong> stating:<br \/>\n(I) That he or she is a United States <strong>citizen<\/strong> or legal <strong>permanent resident<\/strong>; or<br \/>\n(II) That he or she is otherwise <strong>lawfully present<\/strong> in the United States pursuant to federal law.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Image credits:<br \/>\n1. U.S. Permanent Resident Card, &#8220;green card&#8221;, by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons<br \/>\n2. Supreme Court Seal By Ipankonin (Vectorized from\u00a0 SVG elements from) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Visit our website for <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/mobile-notary\/\" data-slimstat-async=\"false\" data-slimstat-callback=\"false\" data-slimstat-tracking=\"false\" data-slimstat-type=\"2\" data-slimstat-clicked=\"false\">Colorado Springs Mobile Notary<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0services or <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/abclegaldocs.com\/blog-Colorado-Notary\/colorado-notary-training\/\" data-slimstat-async=\"false\" data-slimstat-callback=\"false\" data-slimstat-tracking=\"false\" data-slimstat-type=\"2\" data-slimstat-clicked=\"false\">Colorado Notary Training<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>classes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[Last-Modified Date 2017-04-01] new image<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a9 Copyright 2015\u00a0 ABC Legal Docs, LLC\u00a0 All rights reserved.\u00a0 Do not copy.\u00a0 Citations welcome.\u00a0 Terms of Use apply.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Can a Non-Citizen be a Notary? The Supreme Court of the United States has ruled that a non-citizen may be a notary.\u00a0 In 1984, in the case of Bernal v. Fainter, 467 U.S. 216, the Supreme Court ruled, 8 to 1, that the State of Texas cannot bar a non-citizen from applying for a commission as a notary public. See court ruling syllabus at Bernal v. Fainter, 467 U.S. 216<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3940,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1098,1117,12],"tags":[1507,1504,17,229,1508,1506,2309,1909,1509,259,1503,5,36,2308,520,1505],"class_list":["post-1474","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-constitution","category-court-cases","category-notary-law","tag-14th-amendment","tag-bernal","tag-colorado","tag-constitution","tag-discretion","tag-equal-protection","tag-green-card","tag-lawful-presence","tag-legal-resident","tag-ministerial","tag-non-citizen","tag-notary","tag-oath-of-office","tag-permanent-resident","tag-supreme-court","tag-texas","has_thumb"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Can a Non-Citizen be a Notary? 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